Tips for Sunscreen Use: Protect Your Skin from Sun Damage
Sunscreen is crucial for protecting the skin from harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays and should be a component of any skincare routine. Despite its importance, many people do not use sunscreen correctly, leading to inadequate protection and an increased risk of skin damage. Here are some tips to improve your sunscreen use, ensuring better skin protection and overall health.
1. Choose the Right Sunscreen
Selecting the right sunscreen is the first step towards effective sun protection. Look for the following features:
- Broad-Spectrum Protection: Ensure your sunscreen protects against both UVA and UVB rays. UVA rays penetrate deeper into the skin and can cause premature skin aging. UVB rays are thought to be the main cause of sunburns. Both UVA and UVB contribute to skin cancer that warrants medical attention from a skin cancer surgeon. The degree of protection against UVB is measured by the SPF. The degree of UVA protection may be indicated by the number of stars (UK system, maximum of 5 stars), the number of “+”s after the letters PA (e.g. PA++++), or the letters UVA within a circle (European Union standard).
- SPF 30 or Higher: According to the American Academy of Dermatology, it is best to use a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 as it blocks around 97% of UVB rays. Higher SPFs offer slightly more protection, but no sunscreen can block 100% of UVB rays.
- Water Resistance: If you’re swimming or sweating, a water-resistant sunscreen will offer better protection. However, remember that even water-resistant sunscreens need to be reapplied regularly.
2. Apply Enough Sunscreen
Studies found that most people do not apply sufficient sunscreen (maybe around 25 – 50% of recommended amounts), which significantly reduces its effectiveness. To cover the exposed areas of the body, you need about one ounce (a shot glass full) of sunscreen. For your face alone, use about a teaspoon of sunscreen lotion. Make sure to cover all exposed areas, including often-missed spots like the ears, back of the neck, and tops of the feet.
3. Apply Sunscreen Properly
Proper application is key to maximizing sunscreen’s benefits:
- Timing: Apply sunscreen about 15 to 30 minutes before going outside to allow it to fully absorb and form a protective barrier.
- Layering: If you’re using other skincare products, apply sunscreen as the final step in your morning routine. This ensures it sits on top and can provide the necessary protection.
- Even Coverage: Make sure you spread the sunscreen evenly across your skin. Rubbing it in thoroughly helps to avoid streaks or missed spots.
4. Reapply Regularly
Sunscreen wears off, especially when you’re swimming, sweating, or wiping your skin with a towel. Reapply sunscreen every two hours, or immediately after swimming or excessive sweating. Even if your sunscreen is labeled as water-resistant, it’s crucial to reapply after these activities to maintain protection.
5. Don’t Forget Lip Protection
Your lips can burn just like the rest of your skin. Use a lip balm or lipstick that contains SPF 30 or higher to protect your lips from UV damage. Reapply it regularly, especially after eating, drinking, or swimming.
6. Combine Sunscreen with Other Protective Measures
While sunscreen is crucial, it shouldn’t be your only line of defense. Combine it with other sun protection strategies:
- Wear Protective Clothing: Long-sleeved shirts, pants, wide-brimmed hats, and sunglasses can provide additional protection. Some clothing is specially designed with UV protection.
- Seek Shade: Stay in the shade, especially during peak sun hours (between 10am and 4pm), when the sun’s rays are strongest.
- Avoid Tanning Beds: Tanning beds emit UV radiation that can cause skin cancer and premature aging. Opt for sunless tanning products if you want to achieve a tanned look.
7. Consider Your Skin Type
Different skin types have different needs when it comes to sunscreen:
- Oily Skin: Look for oil-free, non-comedogenic sunscreens that won’t clog pores.
- Dry Skin: Choose sunscreens with added moisturizers to keep your skin hydrated.
- Sensitive Skin: Opt for physical or mineral sunscreens that contain active ingredients like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, which are less likely to cause irritation compared to chemical sunscreens.
8. Educate Yourself on Ingredients
Understanding sunscreen ingredients can help you choose the best product for your needs:
- Chemical Sunscreens: These contain ingredients like oxybenzone, avobenzone, and octocrylene, which absorb UV radiation. They are generally more lightweight and easier to apply.
- Physical Sunscreens: Also known as mineral sunscreens, these use zinc oxide or titanium dioxide to physically block UV rays. They are often recommended for sensitive skin but can be thicker and leave a white cast. However, modern physical sunscreens often have improved texture that become less “white” as you gently massage it over the skin.
9. Be Mindful of Expiration Dates
Sunscreen loses its effectiveness over time. Check the expiration date on your sunscreen bottle and replace it if it’s past its prime.
10. Stay Informed
Stay up-to-date with the latest sunscreen recommendations and research. Follow guidelines from reputable sources such as the American Academy of Dermatology and Skin Cancer Foundation. Keeping informed will help you make better choices and ensure you are using the best possible protection for your skin.
Conclusion
Improving your sunscreen use is one of the most effective ways to protect your skin from the damaging effects of UV radiation. By choosing the right sunscreen, applying it correctly, and incorporating other protective measures, you can significantly reduce your risk of skin cancer, premature aging, and other sun-related skin issues. Make sunscreen a daily habit and educate yourself and your loved ones about the importance of sun protection for healthier, more resilient skin.
If you’re dealing with sun damage or skin cancer, TSN Dermatology is here to help. Our team of experts, which consists of a Mohs micrographic surgeon, is well-versed in handling skin concerns of all kinds, from acne scars to sebaceous cyst removal. Reach out to us for more information.